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Fleer/Skybox International LP
TypePrivate (subsidiary of Upper Deck Company)
IndustryConfectionery, collectibles
FateBrand acquired by Upper Deck in 2005
Founded1885
FounderFrank H. Fleer
DefunctMay 31, 2005; 15 years ago
Headquarters,
ProductsBubble gum, trading cards

The Fleer Corporation, founded by Frank H. Fleer in 1885, was the first company to successfully manufacture bubble gum; it remained a family-owned enterprise until 1989.

Fleer originally developed a bubble gum formulation called Blibber-Blubber in 1906. However, while this gum was capable of being blown into bubbles, in other respects it was vastly inferior to regular chewing gum, and Blibber-Blubber was never marketed to the public. In 1928, Fleer employee Walter Diemer improved the Blibber-Blubber formulation to produce the first commercially successful bubble gum, Dubble Bubble. Its pink color set a tradition for nearly all bubble gums to follow.

Fleer became known as a maker of sports cards, starting in 1923 with the production of baseball cards. Fleer also released American football (1960) and basketball (1986) card sets through its history.

The company also produced some non-sports trading cards. In 1995, Fleer acquired the trading card company SkyBox International and, over Thanksgiving vacation shuttered its Philadelphia plant (where Dubble Bubble had been made for 67 years). In 1998, 70-year-old Dubble Bubble was acquired by Canadian company Concord Confections; Concord, in turn, was acquired by Chicago-based Tootsie Roll Industries in 2004.

In late May 2005, news circulated that Fleer was suspending its trading card operations immediately. By early July, in a move similar to declaring bankruptcy, the company began to liquidate its assets to repay creditors. The move included the auction of the Fleer trade name, as well as other holdings. Competitor Upper Deck won the Fleer name, as well as their die cast toy business, at a price of $6.1 million. Just one year earlier, Upper Deck tendered an offer of $25 million, which was rejected by Fleer based on the hope that the sports card market would turn in a direction more favorable to their licenses and target collector demographic. One negative aspect associated with Fleer's Assignment for the Benefit of Creditors is that many sports card collectors now own redemption cards for autographs and memorabilia that may not be able to be redeemed; those fears were somewhat quenched in early 2006 when random memorabilia cards were mailed to the aforementioned collectors.

History[edit]

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Beginning and early attempts at cards[edit]

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Bill Anderson football card of 1961. Fleer produced football cards from 1960 to 1964

The Fleer company was started by Frank H. Fleer in Philadelphia, 1885, as a confectionery business.[1] Well established as a gum and candy company, Fleer predated many of its competitors into the business of issuing sports cards with its 1923 release of baseball cards in its 'Bobs and Fruit Hearts' candy product. These rare cards are basically the same as the 1923 W515 strip cards but are machine cut and have a printed ad for the candy company on the back. Many years later in 1959 it signed baseball star Ted Williams to a contract and sold an 80-card set oriented around highlights of his career. Fleer was unable to include other players because rival company Topps had signed most active baseball players to exclusive contracts.

Williams was nearing the end of his career and retired after the 1960 season. However, Fleer continued to produce baseball cards by featuring Williams with other mostly retired players in a Baseball Greats series. One set was produced in 1960 and a second in 1961. The company did not produce new cards the next year, but continued selling the 1961 set while it focused on signing enough players to produce a set featuring active players in 1963. This 67-card set included a number of stars, including 1962 National League MVP Maury Wills (then holder of the modern record for stolen bases in a season), who had elected to sign with Fleer instead of Topps. Wills and Jimmy Piersall served as player representatives for Fleer, helping to bring others on board. However, Topps still held onto the rights of most players and the set was not particularly successful.

Meanwhile, Fleer took advantage of the emergence of the American Football League (AFL) in 1960 to begin producing football cards. Fleer produced a set for the AFL while Topps cards covered the established National Football League. In 1961, each company produced cards featuring players from both leagues. The next year reverted to the status quo ante, with Fleer covering the AFL and Topps the NFL. In 1964, however, Philadelphia Gum secured the rights for NFL cards and Topps took over the AFL.[2]

Legal battles[edit]

Fleer also produced non-sports cards such this one depicting singer Dee Clark in 1960

This left Fleer with no product in either baseball or football. The company now turned its efforts to supporting an administrative complaint filed against Topps by the Federal Trade Commission. The complaint focused on the baseball card market, alleging that Topps was engaging in unfair competition through its aggregation of exclusive contracts. A hearing examiner ruled against Topps in 1965, but the Commission reversed this decision on appeal. The Commission concluded that because the contracts only covered the sale of cards with gum, competition was still possible by selling cards with other small, low-cost products. However, Fleer chose not to pursue such options and instead sold its remaining player contracts to Topps for $395,000 in 1966. The decision gave Topps an effective monopoly of the baseball card market.

In 1968, Fleer was approached by the Major League Baseball Players Association, a recently organized players' union, about obtaining a group license to produce cards. The MLBPA was in a dispute with Topps over player contracts, and offered Fleer the exclusive rights to market cards of most players starting in 1973, when many of Topps's contracts would expire. Since this was so far in the future, Fleer declined the proposal.

Fleer returned to the union in September 1974 with a proposal to sell 5-by-7-inch satin patches of players, somewhat larger than normal baseball cards. By now, the MLBPA had settled its differences with Topps and reached an agreement that gave Topps a right of first refusal on such offers. Topps passed on the opportunity, indicating that it did not think the product would be successful. The union, also fearing that it would cut into existing royalties from Topps sales, then rejected the proposal.

In April 1975, Fleer asked for Topps to waive its exclusive rights and allow Fleer to produce stickers, stamps, or other small items featuring active baseball players. Topps refused, and Fleer then sued both Topps and the MLBPA to break the Topps monopoly. After several years of litigation, the Topps monopoly on baseball cards was finally broken by a lawsuit decided by federal judge Clarence Charles Newcomer in 1980, in which the judge ended Topps Chewing Gum's exclusive right to sell baseball cards, allowing the Fleer Corporation to compete in the market.[3] The court ordered the union to offer group licenses for baseball cards to companies other than Topps. Fleer and another company, Donruss, were thus allowed to begin making cards in 1981. Fleer's legal victory was overturned after one season, but the company continued to manufacture cards, substituting stickers with team logos for gum.

Bill Ripken[edit]

In 1989, Bill Ripken's Fleer card showed him holding a bat with the expletive 'fuck face' written in plain view on the knob of the bat.[4] Fleer subsequently rushed to correct the error, and in its haste, released versions in which the text was scrawled over with a marker, whited out with correction fluid, and also airbrushed. On the final, corrected version, Fleer obscured the offensive words with a black box (this was the version included in all factory sets). Both the original card and many of the corrected versions have become collector's items as a result. There are at least ten different variations of this card. As of February 2009 the white out version has a book value of $120, but has been sold in mint condition on eBay for asking prices as high as $400.[5]

Years later, Ripken admitted to having written the expletive on the bat; however, he claimed he did it to distinguish it as a batting practice bat, and did not intend to use it for the card.[4]

Some collectors list the card as the 'Rick Face' card. The script on the bat appears to make the word fuck look similar to Rick.[6]

Key trading card sets[edit]

Fleer produced two benchmark trading cards in the 1980s. In 1984, Fleer was the only major trading card manufacturer to release a Roger Clemens card; they included the then-Boston Red Sox prospect in their 1984 Fleer Baseball Update Set. The 1984 update set also included the first licensed card of Hall Of Fame outfielder Kirby Puckett. Fleer also released factory sets of their baseball cards from 1986-92. Like the Topps factory sets, they came in colorful boxes for retail and plainer boxes for hobby dealers. The 1986 set was not sealed, but the 1987-89 sets were sealed with a sticker and the 1990-92 sets were shrink-wrapped.

In 1986 Fleer helped resurrect the basketball card industry by releasing the 1986-87 Fleer Basketball set which included the rookie cards of Michael Jordan and Charles Barkley. This set is seen by many basketball card collectors as the '1952 Topps of basketball.'

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the glossy parallel sets Fleer produced for their 1987-89 baseball sets (similar to the Topps Tiffany sets) became very popular in the hobby. However, that popularity wore off, and today, the sets (except for the rare 1989) are not worth much more than the regular sets.

1991 saw the first release of Fleer's Ultra set, which in some years was actually released earlier than its regular Fleer (Tradition) set. The 1991 set had an announced production of 15% of regular Fleer and this set was produced on higher quality card stock and used silver ink, just like Donruss' Leaf set starting the previous year. The 1992 set used UV coating on both sides and gold foil stamping on the front, which was among the most beautiful sets of that year. 1994's Ultra and regular Fleer sets began another tradition of offering an insert card in every pack and the next year started another tradition called 'hot packs' (where about 1:72 packs contained only insert cards. An assortment of the easier to find insert cards and not the rare 1:36 100% foil cards). Still another tradition that continues today is the Ultra Gold Medallion parallel insert set, which started in 1995 and also included all the insert sets for the first two years. These are inserted one per pack. In 1997, Ultra introduced the Platinum Medallion insert set which is traditionally serial numbered to 100. The following year, 1998, saw the introduction of the purple Ultra Masterpieces, which are one of ones. 1998 also started the tradition of including short printed cards in the regular/Gold/Platinum sets.

Fleer's super premium flagship set, called Flair, began production in 1993 with an announced production run as 15% of Ultra. Its trademark was that it was printed on very thick card stock (about twice the thickness of regular cards), used a unique glossy finish along with six color printing. The 'packs' are done by shrink wrapping the cards (usually ten in a 'pack') and then placing them in a shrink-wrapped 'mini-box' instead of the usual my-lair foil packs used on virtually all trading card products today. The 1996/1997 Flair Showcase basketball box set included the first one-of-one cards for any major sport called 'Masterpieces'; they paralleled the more common, or 'base', Row 2, Row 1 and Row 0 sets.

Acquisitions[edit]

The Fleer family, Frank Fleer descendants, sold Fleer in 1989 for just under US$70,000,000 to John W. Fleer and Charter House Investments. John W. Fleer retained majority ownership in the company. Fleer was pushing into retail-chains like Rite Aid, which brought the ire of the hobby dealers in the early 1990s.[1]

Comic-book empire Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc. purchased the company on July 24, 1992 for US$540,000,000.[7][8][9][10][11][12] Jeff Kaplan was placed in charge of Fleer by Marvel.[1] Marvel purchased another card company, SkyBox International, on March 8, 1995 for $150,000,000.[8] Fleer/Skybox reduced its push into retail chains to start its Hobby Bullpen program that committed the company to support and provide relief for hobby dealers and collectors.[1]

Marvel entered bankruptcy in 1996 along with its subsidiaries. Fleer was directly hurt by the 1994 Major League Baseball strike and prolonged lockouts in the NBA.[1] In June 1997, Marvel formed its Marvel Enterprise division, headed by president and CEO Scott C. Marden, to manage its trading card and sticker businesses, as well as Marvel Interactive, an Internet-entertainment and software-publishing company.[13]

Fleer was placed on the market by Marvel at an asking price of $30,000,000. Fleer exited bankruptcy, along with the rest of the Marvel group, on October 1, 1998. In February 1999, Fleer/Skybox was sold to a corporation owned by Alex and Roger Grass, a father and son.[1]

In early 2005, Fleer announced that it would cease all productions of trading cards and file an Assignment for the Benefit of Creditors, which is a State Court liquidation, similar to Chapter 7 bankruptcy. In July 2005, Upper Deck acquired the rights to the Fleer name and began producing Fleer-branded basketball, ice hockey and American football cards. The $6.1 million Upper Deck paid for the Fleer name was significantly less than the $25 million UD offered to buy out Fleer a year earlier.

In 2006, Upper Deck produced baseball sets under the names Fleer, Fleer Ultra, Fleer Tradition, Flair, Skybox Autographics and Fleer Greats of the Game. The last Fleer-branded baseball cards appeared in 2007.

References[edit]

  1. ^ abcdefTaylor, Ted (February 4, 1999). 'Fleer/skybox Sale Finally Goes Through'. Philly.com. Retrieved March 16, 2015.
  2. ^History of football cards on StarrCards.com
  3. ^'CLARENCE NEWCOMER, 82, LONGTIME FEDERAL JUDGE'
  4. ^ abRovell, Darren (December 9, 2008). 'Billy Ripken Obscenity Bat: He Finally Talks 20 Years Later'. CNBC.
  5. ^Baseball card variations, from billripken.com
  6. ^Poundstone, William. Biggest Secrets. page 155.
  7. ^Raviv, Dan (April 2002). Comic Wars. Broadway Books. ISBN0-7679-0830-9.
  8. ^ abBryant, Adam (May 24, 1998). 'Pow! The Punches That Left Marvel Reeling'. The New York Times. p. 4. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
  9. ^'COMPANY NEWS; A Deal of Real Heroes: Marvel to Acquire Fleer'. The New York Times. July 25, 1992. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  10. ^'MARVEL AND FLEER AGREE A MERGER IS IN THE CARDS'. The Washington Post. July 25, 1992. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  11. ^'Marvel to buy Fleer for $265 million'. United Press International. July 24, 1992. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  12. ^'MARVEL TO BUY FLEER CORP'. The Buffalo News. July 25, 1992. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  13. ^'Marvel Entertainment Unifies Three Major Business Operations By Forming Marvel Enterprises, A New Unit'. Marvel Entertainment Group press release. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fleer.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fleer&oldid=1000715305'
World of Warcraft
Trading Card Game
Designer(s)
Publisher(s)Upper Deck Company (October 2005 - March 2010)
Cryptozoic (March 2010 - August 2013)
Publication dateApril 2004; 16 years ago
Players2 +
Setup time< 3 minutes
Playing time> 20 minutes
Skill(s) requiredCard playing
Arithmetic
Strategy

The World of Warcraft Trading Card Game (WoW TCG) was a collectible card game based on Blizzard Entertainment's MMORPG, World of Warcraft. The game was announced by Upper Deck Entertainment on August 18, 2005 and released on October 25, 2006.[1] Players can fight against each other one-on-one, or can join others in order to defeat dungeon/raid bosses based on those in the MMORPG. In March 2010, Upper Deck lost the license from Blizzard Entertainment.[2] The license was acquired by Cryptozoic Entertainment later in the month, with the company announcing that planned card sets would be released.[3]

On August 23, 2013, Blizzard Entertainment announced that the TCG would be discontinued, and that they would not be renewing the game's license.[4] In March 2014, Blizzard released Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft, an online collectible card game featuring many of the same characters, abilities and artwork.

Game details[edit]

Each player uses a hero card and a deck consisting of allies and other supporting cards, such as weapons, abilities, armor, items and quests. Many cards include a trait icon, which limits what heroes can include the card in their decks. Some booster packs also contain legendary rares, or loot cards (i.e. special versions of normal cards) which contain a scratch-off code. This code can then be redeemed in the online game for a virtual prize. The prizes include special tabards, gimmick items, non-combat pets, and mounts.

During play, players start with a single hero. Once per turn, players can play any card from their hand as a resource, which enables the payment of additional cards to augment the hero's powers or add additional members to his or her party. Once brought into play by paying the appropriate cost, all cards (except abilities) remain until destroyed or removed from play. As in games such as Magic: The Gathering, the goal is to reduce the remaining health of the opposing hero to zero. Unlike Magic, combat attacks are always directed at individual heroes or allies, rather than simply declaring an attack with a number of creatures. Furthermore, damage done to characters accumulates between turns, making combat more expensive for both the attacker and defender.

Card types[edit]

The following types of cards are featured in the game:

Spectral Tiger loot card
  • Hero - The character which a given player is playing as. Each hero has an amount of starting health, faction affiliation, race, class, specializations, and professions. The hero's traits determine what other cards can be included in the deck (e.g., Horde heroes can only have Horde allies). Lastly, each hero has a unique power which can be used once per game, after which the hero card is turned face down. Starting with Worldbreaker, Hero cards no longer have professions.
  • Master Hero - Master Hero cards, when played, replace a player's hero with a new card. The original hero is removed from the game and any damage, abilities, equipment, tokens or attachments that were on the hero beforehand are brought onto the Master Hero. Master Heroes, unless specified otherwise, can use all equipment and abilities, but abilities on cards that look for specific types cannot be activated. Powers originally on heroes do not carry on to the Master Hero.
  • Ability - Cards that cause some immediate impact to the game. Abilities can either be of the [Basic type], able to be played only during one's turn, or can be [Instant], able to be played at virtually any time.
  • Ally - Other individuals and companions who assist and fight on behalf of the main hero. Most allies are affiliated with either the Horde or the Alliance; cards affiliated with the faction opposing the hero are not permitted in a deck. Neutral allies can be included in a deck of either faction. Allies can attack opposing heroes or allies, but can also be attacked.
  • Armor - Defensive cards which protect heroes from damage. By paying the appropriate resource cost, armor can be exhausted each turn in order to reduce damage dealt to a player's hero. Players are limited in how many different pieces of armor they may equip on any given 'body part' (e.g., only one piece of chest armor at a time).
  • Weapon - Offensive cards which can augment a hero's melee or ranged capabilities. As with armor cards, players are limited on how many weapons they may have equipped at once. In order to use a weapon card to increase attack power during combat, a player must pay a resource cost (Strike Cost) associated with the weapon. Weapons can be used when either attacking or defending, but usually only one weapon can be used per combat.
  • Item - Gear the hero can have in addition to weapons and armor. Rings, potions, and trinkets are examples of items.
  • Quest - Special cards which act as resource cards, but with additional abilities. Quests can be completed by fulfilling a condition described on the card. When this is done, a reward is earned (e.g., drawing additional cards) and the quest is normally turned face down.
  • Location - Location cards are similar to quest cards, but are not turned face down to use their abilities. Only one location can be controlled at a time, even if locations have different names.
  • Loot - Loot cards are special versions of cards which can be used within the card game (e.g. as normal allies), but which also contain a scratch-off code. This code can be entered into the website for the online game, which will provide a unique in-game item.

Products[edit]

Twenty-one expansion sets (and one reprint set) were released for the WoW TCG. Cards were usually sold in booster packs, which contain 15 random cards - 10 commons, 3 uncommons, 1 rare or epic, and 1 hero card or loot card. Booster packs also had one UDE point card redeemable online.[5] Starting with March of the Legion and ending with Twilight of the Dragons, booster packs contained 18 random cards due to more variation of card types: 2 extra commons and 1 extra uncommon.[6]The color of the collector number printed on a card indicates its rarity, using a system similar to that of the online game: white for common, green for uncommon, blue for rare, purple for epic, and orange for legendary.[7]

Certain sets also released with Starter Decks, containing a pre-constructed deck consisting of 33 fixed cards built around one of the 9 classes, 2 booster packs, 3 oversized hero cards and a rulebook. These decks contain 1 rare, 6 uncommons, and the rest are commons. Starter decks were released for Heroes of Azeroth, Through the Dark Portal, March of the Legion, and Drums of War. Class Decks and Champion Decks are other types of Starter Decks. The Battle Deck is a PvP variation of the Starter Deck that contains two pre-constructed decks consisting of 44 fixed cards, 3 oversized hero cards and 8 exclusive allies.[8]

Sets released[edit]

  • Heroes of Azeroth (released October 2006)
  • Through the Dark Portal (released April 2007)
  • Fires of Outland (released August 2007)
  • March of the Legion (released December 2007)
  • Servants of the Betrayer (released April 2008)
  • The Hunt for Illidan (released July 2008)
  • Drums of War (released November 2008)
  • Blood of Gladiators (released March 2009)
  • Fields of Honor (released June 2009)
  • Scourgewar (released November 2009)
  • Wrathgate (released May 2010)
  • Archives (released August 2010 - foil reprints from Heroes of Azeroth to Fields of Honor)
  • Icecrown (released September 2010)
  • Worldbreaker (released December 2010)
  • War of the Elements (released April 2011)
  • Twilight of the Dragons (released July 2011)
  • Aftermath: Throne of the Tides (released October 2011)
  • Aftermath: Crown of the Heavens (released February 2012)
  • Aftermath: Tomb of the Forgotten (released June 2012)
  • Timewalkers: War of the Ancients (released October 2012)
  • Timewalkers: Betrayal of the Guardian (released February 2013)
  • Timewalkers: Reign of Fire (released July 2013)

Raid Decks[edit]

In addition to standard 2-player game play, the game also features Raid Decks, representing struggles involving large numbers of players against epic foes. Raid Decks are specially designed pre-constructed products used for a cooperative experience. They combine elements from the World of Warcraft (the team-based questing), and Dungeons & Dragons (the Raid Master). One player, the Raid Master controls all monsters and foes, while 3-5 other players control the characters participating in the raid.

A Raid Deck typically contains epic boss cards, decks for the boss characters, tokens to represent minions, custom rules for the raid, and a treasure pack, intended as a reward for players who are victorious in the raid. The treasure pack contains holofoils and sometimes contains a random insertion of a loot card. Upper Deck Entertainment also made treasure packs available from their UDE points store, although the cards in these packs are not holofoil.

Eight Raid Decks were released:

  • Onyxia's Lair (December 2006) - Features the black dragon Onyxia.
  • Molten Core (May 2007) - Includes ten epic bosses, from Lucifron to Ragnaros the Firelord.
  • Magtheridon's Lair (January 2008) - Contains the Pit Lord Magtheridon, his shadow channelers, and the cubes required to interact with him.
  • Black Temple (September 2008) - Based around Illidan Stormrage. Contains a 10 hero raid set with heroes such as Supremus and 'The Betrayer'.
  • Naxxramas (December 2009) - An undead necropolis, seat of the lich Kel'Thuzad.
  • Assault on Icecrown Citadel (March 2011) - Featuring the Lich King himself, with other bosses appearing as allies in his deck. Also includes 3 decks built around well-known heroes Lady Jaina Proudmoore, Lady Sylvanas Windrunner and Highlord Tirion Fordring.
  • Battle of the Aspects (August 2012) - The final confrontation with Deathwing, the corrupted Aspect of Earth.
  • The Caverns of Time (April 2013) - Take on iconic villains such as Archimonde the Defiler, Queen Azshara, and Murozond, leader of the Infinite Dragonflight.

Dungeon Decks[edit]

Similar to Raid Decks, Dungeon Decks are large scale encounters designed for multiple players to play against. The main difference from Raid Decks is that a Dungeon Deck runs itself with no need for an additional player to act as the Raid Master. Additionally Dungeon Decks are designed to be played against basic starter decks with players unlocking the ability to add new cards by gaining experience from defeating dungeons and leveling up.

Three Dungeon Decks were released in November 2011:

  • Shadowfang Keep
  • Scarlet Monastery
  • The Deadmines

Bonus sets[edit]

Periodically, bonus card sets are released independently to mark special events or dates.

  • Burning Crusade Set - A set of 3 cards to mark the release of World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade. Two Heroes of Azeroth starter decks were included alongside the exclusive cards.
  • Wrath of the Lich King Set - 2 exclusive cards were included in the Collector's Edition of WotLK with 2 March of the Legion starter decks.
  • Cataclysm Set - 2 exclusive cards were included in the Collector's Edition of Cataclysm with a starter deck and a Landro's Gift loot card.
  • Feast of Winter Veil - A special collector's set released in November 2007 which corresponds with the holiday in the online game. This comes in a presentation box which contains a booster pack from Heroes of Azeroth, Through the Dark Portal or Fires of Outland, a deck box and 10 Winter Veil themed cards, as well as 2 vanity pets.
  • Darkmoon Faire - A special collector's set released in September 2008 which includes 5 preset Darkmoon Faire themed cards and 2 Through the Dark Portal booster packs.
  • Arena Grand Melee - A small collector's set released to supplement the Arena theme. This was released with two decks, one for the Alliance and one for the Horde.

Artwork[edit]

As with many trading card games, a variety of different artists with different styles illustrate the cards. Artists include Chris Rahn, Wayne Reynolds, Steve Prescott, Doug Alexander, Thomas M. Baxa, Julie Bell, Mauro Cascioli, Matt Dixon, Alex Horley, Todd McFarlane, Jeremy Mohler, Ariel Olivetti, Dan Scott, Ron Spencer, Greg Staples, Mike Sutfin, Glenn Rane, Samwise, Boris Vallejo, and Paul Kidby.

Some of the card art was done by Penny Arcade'sMike Krahulik ('Gabe'). In the May 26, 2006 update of the Penny Arcade site, Krahulik revealed his artwork for a card that was based on the exploits of Leeroy Jenkins.

Events[edit]

Along with weekly battleground tournaments at local hobby stores, Cryptozoic Entertainment hosted Darkmoon Faires (DMF), events that ran Friday through Sunday in cities all across the world. Previously, the most notable competition featured was the Dream Machine Championship, which the winner received a custom built computer. Darkmoon Faire Championship Events offered electronics and travel vouchers to the top finishers of its main event. However, the Darkmoon Faire itself has been emphasized as a miniature convention featuring additional games, as well as side events for players to compete for Apple electronics, gift cards, and World of Warcraft loot cards.

DMF Championship winners:

2007:

  • Darkmoon Faire Los Angeles - Oliver Schmid
  • Darkmoon Faire Austin - Tim Batow
  • Darkmoon Faire Frankfurt - Pierre Malherbaud
  • Darkmoon Faire Chicago - Brad Watson
  • Darkmoon Faire Milan - Erik van der Laan
  • Darkmoon Faire London - Stuart Wright
  • Darkmoon Faire Philadelphia - Brian Durkin
  • Darkmoon Faire Lille - Jonas Skali Lami
  • Darkmoon Faire San Diego - Tomas Kuchta

2008:

  • Darkmoon Faire Orlando - Brad Watson
  • Darkmoon Faire Columbus - William Postlethwait
  • Darkmoon Faire Stuttgart - Laurent Pagorek
  • Darkmoon Faire Lyon - Bernd Reinartz
  • Darkmoon Faire Seattle - Morgan Findlay
  • Darkmoon Faire Antwerp - Christian Pfeiffer
  • Darkmoon Faire Indianapolis - Jimmy Choi
  • Darkmoon Faire New Jersey - Brad Watson
  • Darkmoon Faire Paris - Pierre Malherbaud
  • Darkmoon Faire Anaheim - Tim Rivera
  • Darkmoon Faire Prague - Gabor Körös

Games all about myths book. 2009:

  • Darkmoon Faire Milton Keynes - Erik van der Laan
  • Darkmoon Faire San Francisco - Damien Dufresne
  • Darkmoon Faire Koln - Stuart Wright
  • Darkmoon Faire Charlotte - Bobby Victory
  • Darkmoon Faire Turin - Jan Palys
  • Darkmoon Faire Sydney - Brad Watson
  • Darkmoon Faire Boston - Pat Eshghy
  • Darkmoon Faire Indianapolis - Phillip Martin
  • Darkmoon Faire Amsterdam - Anssi Alkio
  • Darkmoon Faire Austin - Rob Swarowski
  • Darkmoon Faire Las Vegas - David Bodimer

2010:

  • Darkmoon Faire Houston - Calvin Keeney
  • Darkmoon Faire Guangzhou - Xie Zhi Qiang
  • Darkmoon Faire Antwerp - Christian Kurze
  • Darkmoon Faire Los Angeles - Alex Gellerman

2011:

  • Darkmoon Faire Orlando - Stuart Wright
  • Darkmoon Faire Paris - Luca Magni
  • Darkmoon Faire Beijing - Qigeng Zhang
  • Darkmoon Faire Chicago - Dan Clark
  • Darkmoon Faire Koln - Krzysztof Morzyc
  • Darkmoon Faire Shenzhen - Lo Ka Man
  • Darkmoon Faire Singapore - Lee Keng Yin
  • Darkmoon Faire Las Vegas - Jason Newill
  • Darkmoon Faire Rimini - Brad Watson
  • Darkmoon Faire Indianapolis - Ben Bellis
  • Darkmoon Faire Poznań - Marcin Filipowicz
  • Darkmoon Faire Philadelphia - Dan Clark
  • Darkmoon Faire Rotterdam - Matthieu Laguerre
  • Darkmoon Faire Shanghai - Hui Xiang

2012:

  • Darkmoon Faire Los Angeles - Brad Watson
  • Darkmoon Faire Cannes - Stuart Wright
  • Darkmoon Faire Chengdu - Xi Lei
  • Darkmoon Faire Baltimore - Hans Joachim Höh, Brad Watson and Stuart Wright
  • Darkmoon Faire Madrid - Jeffrey Verwoerd
  • Darkmoon Faire Las Vegas - Kellen Abel
  • Darkmoon Faire Beijing - Xiang Jing
  • Darkmoon Faire Prague - Martin Clement
  • Darkmoon Faire Indianapolis - Norvic Santos
  • Darkmoon Faire Antwerp - Anssi Alkio, Jeffrey Verwoerd and Stuart Wright
  • Darkmoon Faire Shanghai - Yinan Liao
  • Darkmoon Faire Atlanta - Basem Alsalah

2013:

  • Darkmoon Faire Jacksonville - Randy Williams
  • Darkmoon Faire Dallas - James Kandziolka
  • Darkmoon Faire Shanghai - Jia Bin
  • Darkmoon Faire Las Vegas - Hans Joachim Höh
  • Darkmoon Faire Venice - Julian Ukeni
  • Darkmoon Faire Poznań - Manuel Alvisi
  • Darkmoon Faire Prague - Andrea Dorigo

WoW Nationals[edit]

The U.S. Nationals took place August 16-August 19, 2007 at Gen Con, a gaming convention in Indianapolis, Indiana. After the first day of constructed play, any player with a record of 5-3 or better advanced to day two. Two sets of draft were played on the second day, each set with three rounds. Players sat in draft pods based on their records from day one, where they drafted two packs of Heroes of Azeroth, and two packs of Through the Dark Portal. The finals were held on the third day, played between the top eight selected after draft play concluded. Brad Watson was declared the U.S. Nationals Champion after his victory in the finals.

In 2008, the U.S. National Championship became the North American Continental Championship (NACC), which combined the Canadian and U.S. National Championship events. The winner of the 2008 NACC was Matt Markoff with a Warlock deck.

In 2009, Corey-Scott Burkhart won the NACC at Gen Con Indy with a Shaman deck.[9]

In 2010, under new management with Cryptozoic Entertainment, NACC moved out of Gen Con Indy. Tim Rivera claimed the title for that year in his hometown of Las Vegas.[10]

In 2011, Tim Batow emerged victorious at Las Vegas with his particular Warlock deck, nicknamed 'Bunny Deck'.

In 2011, Mark Mckiernan was crowned the european champion at the EUCC championship in Rimini (Italy) with the Shaman 'Spider Deck'.

World Cup[edit]

The World Cup Championship took place March 4-6, 2011 in Paris, France. The winners were the American team The Warriors, composed of Ben Isgur, Matt Markoff, and James Kandziolka. They played, respectively: Boarguts the Impaler, Jumo'zin, and Erondra Frostmoon. Their prizes were the Darkmoon Faire tournament scheduled in Baltimore, Maryland along with $15,000 in Amazon vouchers.[11]

World Championships[edit]

The first World Championship took place November 30-December 2, 2007 in San Diego, California. The winner, French player Guillaume Matignon, became the inaugural WoW TCG World Champion by defeating the French-Canadian player Eric Prieur and received $100,000, at the time it was the largest prize in TCG history.[12]

The second World Championship took place in Paris, France from October 16-October 19, 2008. Jim Fleckenstein of Virginia won the title using the hero Kil'zin of the Bloodscalp.

The third World Championship took place in Austin, Texas from October 9-October 11, 2009. The format was Drums of War Block Constructed. It was won by William Postlethwait, also known as 'Billy P.'

The fourth World Championships took place in Indianapolis, Indiana, from August 4-August 7, 2010. The format was Classic Constructed. German player Jonas Skali-Lami won with a Nicholas Merrick mage deck.

The fifth World Championships took place in Rotterdam, Netherlands, from November 10-November 13, 2011. The format consisted of Core and Classic Constructed and Booster Draft. It was won by German player Hans Joachim Höh using a Rohashu Paladin deck, taking down Jim Fleckenstein's less aggressive Rohashu version in the finals.

World Of Warcraft Classic

The sixth and final World Championships took place in Atlanta, Georgia in early November 2012. Brad Watson defeated Raphael Ait-sliman in the final round.

References[edit]

  1. ^About trading card game
  2. ^'Press Announcement'. 27 February 2010. Archived from the original on February 21, 2010. Retrieved 2010-02-10.
  3. ^'Press Release'. 25 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
  4. ^'World of Warcraft Trading Card Game'. August 23, 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
  5. ^'UDE Points'. UDE. 9 January 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-01-06. Retrieved 2007-01-09.
  6. ^'Press Release: More Cards and More Loot!'. booster. 16 October 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2007-10-16.
  7. ^'World of Warcraft TCG Products FAQ'. UDE. Archived from the original on 2007-02-09. Retrieved 2007-02-12.
  8. ^'UDE Store: Drums of War PvP Battle deck'. battledeck.
  9. ^'WoW TCG - Corey Burkhart at Daily Metagame'.
  10. ^'WoW TCG - Tim Rivera at Daily Metagame'.
  11. ^World Cup Coverage Page
  12. ^Guinness World Record for Greatest Cash Prize for a Trading Card Game

External links[edit]

  • World of Warcraft Trading Card Game on Wowpedia, a Warcraftwiki

World Of Warcraft Skybox


World Of Warcraft Skybox Apk

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